Countries with the highest obesity rate

Obesity has become one of the most significant health problems worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with at least 2.8 billion people suffering from overweight or obesity. This phenomenon is not exclusive to a single country or region, but affects both developed and developing nations. This article will explore the countries with the highest rates of obesity, the reasons behind this problem, and the implications it has for public health and society.

What is obesity? What is obesity?

Before looking at the countries with the highest obesity rates, it is important to define what obesity is. The WHO defines it as "an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that may be harmful to health." To measure obesity, the Body Mass Index (BMI) is used, which is a simple indicator of the relationship between weight and height. A BMI of 30 or more is considered obese, while a BMI between 25 and 29.9 is classified as overweight.

Countries with the highest obesity rates.

United States.
The United States is by far one of the countries with the highest percentage of obese population. It is estimated that more than 42% of American adults are obese. Several factors have contributed to this situation, including the prevalence of high-calorie and high-fat diets, a sedentary lifestyle, and access to ultra-processed foods. In addition, the fast food culture and portion sizes in the US have also been driving factors. Obesity problems in the United States are not limited to adults only; around 20% of children and adolescents are also obese.

Saudi Arabia.
In Saudi Arabia, rapid economic development and lifestyle changes have led to a dramatic increase in obesity rates. It is estimated that more than 35% of the country's adult population is obese. Rapid urbanization has introduced less healthy eating habits, such as the consumption of processed and high-fat foods, along with a significant reduction in physical activity. In urban areas, car use is the norm, and outdoor activities or sports are not as common as in the past. In addition, high temperatures limit the time people can spend outdoors, contributing to a more sedentary lifestyle.

Kuwait.
Like other Gulf countries, Kuwait has seen a considerable rise in obesity levels, with approximately 37% of its adult population classified as obese. The same factors that have affected Kuwait as in Saudi Arabia: economic development, changing eating habits and lack of physical activity. However, it is also noted that the culture of hospitality in the Arab world often involves the offering of large quantities of food, which can promote overweight and obesity.

Mexico.
Mexico is another country that has seen obesity rates rise dramatically in recent decades. Today, more than 30% of Mexican adults are obese, and the numbers among children are also alarming. One of the main reasons for the rise in obesity in Mexico is the shift towards a diet rich in ultra-processed foods and sugary drinks. Mexico is one of the countries with the highest consumption of soft drinks in the world, which has played a key role in the rise in obesity and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes.

Egypt.
In Egypt, around 35% of adults are obese, and rates continue to rise. Lack of access to healthy foods and the predominance of diets high in carbohydrates and fats have been key factors. In addition, urbanization and lack of space for recreational activities have contributed to the rise in obesity. Although the country has a rich tradition of farming, fresh, healthy foods are often replaced by faster, less healthy options in cities.

New Zealand.
New Zealand, a developed nation, also faces a growing problem with obesity. More than 30% of adults are obese, and the situation is particularly acute among the Maori and Pacific Islander population. Childhood obesity rates are also worrying. Causes include a combination of factors such as high-calorie diets, lack of physical activity and limited access to healthy food options in some rural areas.

South Africa.
In South Africa, obesity affects 28% of the adult population, with women being the most affected, with 41% of them classified as obese. The food transition in South Africa, which has seen an increase in the consumption of processed foods and a decrease in physical activity, has led to an increase in obesity rates. In addition, obesity has been linked to a number of serious health problems, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which are also on the rise in the country.

Causes of obesity in these countries.

There are several common factors that contribute to the rise in obesity in these countries:

Unhealthy diet and eating: Widespread access to ultra-processed foods, high in fat, sugar and empty calories, has been a determining factor in the growth of obesity worldwide. The large portions and low cost of these foods make them attractive to the population, especially in countries with growing economies or cultures where fast food is the norm.
Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity is another key factor. Technological advancement and urbanization have reduced the need for physical activity in many aspects of daily life, which has contributed to the rise in obesity. Long working hours, widespread use of electronic devices, and lack of opportunities for recreation are also factors.
Culture and social habits: In many countries, food plays a central role in social and family interactions, and meals are often large and high in calories. Additionally, in some cultures, being overweight is associated with social status or success, which may decrease concerns about maintaining a healthy weight.
Economic factors: In many countries, healthy food is more expensive and less accessible than less healthy options. This is especially true in urban areas where fresh fruits and vegetables can be expensive compared to processed foods.
Psychological factors: Obesity is also linked to psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, and depression. Many people turn to food as a way to deal with their emotions, which can contribute to uncontrolled weight gain.

Consequences of obesity.

Obesity not only affects a person's physical appearance, but also has serious health consequences. Among the most common conditions associated with obesity are:

Heart disease: Obesity increases the risk of heart disease, including heart attacks and strokes.
Type 2 diabetes: Obesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar.
High blood pressure: People with obesity are more likely to develop high blood pressure, which can damage blood vessels and organs.
Cancer: Obesity has also been linked to an increased risk of certain types of cancer. cancers, such as breast, colon, and kidney.
Breathing problems: Obesity can cause sleep apnea and other breathing problems that affect quality of life.

Obesity is a public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Countries with higher rates of obesity face significant challenges in terms of health and well-being. Preventing and treating obesity requires a combination of individual, societal, and governmental efforts to promote healthy eating habits and increase levels of physical activity.